Nutrition plays a crucial role in both conception and supporting a healthy pregnancy. A well-balanced and nutrient-rich diet enhances fertility and helps in foetal development and maternal well-being. What you eat influences long-term outcomes for both the baby and its mother. This is explained by Dr. Priyanka Shahane, Fertility Specialist, Birla Fertility and IVF Nagpur.
Key benefits of a healthy diet can be enumerated as:
Supports foetal development – Adequate intake of essential nutrients helps in the growth and organ development of the foetus.
Reduces risk of pregnancy complications – A nutritious diet helps lower the risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, anaemia, excessive weight gain, etc. These diseases can negatively impact both the mother and baby.
Improves maternal health – Good nutrition strengthens the mother’s immune system, lowers the risk of infection and aids recovery after childbirth.
Reduces risk of birth defects – Required intake of folic acid is essential for the baby's neural tube development.
For conception and sustenance of a healthy pregnancy, it is essential for women to include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, healthy fats, and dairy products in their diet. They should also focus on consuming the following nutrients –
Folic acid – Essential for preventing neural tube defects
Iron – Helps prevent iron deficiency as anaemia affects over 50% of women and two-thirds of children under the age of five in India
Calcium – Important for bone and teeth development of the baby
Iodine – Vital for thyroid function and brain development
Vitamin D – Important for bone health and immune function
Omega 3 fatty acids – Essential for brain and eye development
Women planning pregnancy or already pregnant should reduce or avoid excessive alcohol, raw or undercooked foods, highly processed foods, and caffeine since these negatively impact foetal and maternal health.